The Enigma machine is a cipher device developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic, and military communication. It was employed extensively by Nazi Germany during World War II, in all branches of the German military. The Enigma machine was considered so secure that it was used to encipher the most top-secret messages.
An original Engima Machine, circa 1945
This project is a high performance Enigma Machine emulator that allows you to:
Just like the physical device, machine state is used to both encipher and decipher text with the same Encipher() method (like a text toggle). Machine state had to match on both the encipher and decipher machines. Each operator would add specific rotors in a specific order, set rotor ring positions and starting rotations, as well as set plug wire positions. This emulator provides virtual versions of all key machine components by way of a deterministic random number generator using AES in counter (CTR) mode.
The emulated components include:
Additionally, characters in the source string that do not exist in the cipher character set are kept as-is in the enciphered text. For example, if you encipher a string with line breaks they are maintained in-place in the enciphered text since neither the classic 26 letter character set nor the 95 character ASCII set contain line break characters.
The emulator is FAST! When using the full 95 character ASCII character set, a large 800KB text string takes about 1 second to encipher. Typical text sizes encipher in a few milliseconds.
The physical machine modified with a plug board provided 150 trillion possible settings combinations for the 26 letter character set, with a 10^16 key space for a 3 rotor configuration. 4 rotors yielded a key space of 10^19, 5 rotors yielded a key space of 10^23, and so on.
So by simply using the full 95 character ASCII character set the cipher strength will be exponentially better than the original machine, even without additional rotors or other configuration, and should meet modern quantum-resistant cryptography needs.
It's easy to create a new virtual Enigma Machine and encipher your own text by using one of the provided presets based on one of the provided historical machine configurations:
Using one of the presets is easy:
It's even easier to use the Enigma Machine for modern encryption, since all you need to provide are a cipher key, nonce, and the number of relevant machine components. There's no need to change rotor ring positions and rotations, or set plug board wire pair values, since your cipher key and nonce are unique and drive the creation of all machine components.
Here's an example of using the Enigma Machine without a historical preset:
You can also create a custom machine by assembling the virtual components, and more. Check out the project on Github.
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Sfumato CSS 5.1.0 has been released! This update includes the following changes:
For more information, see the Sfumato project page.
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Ollama Farm is a CLI tool that intermediates REST API calls to multiple ollama API services. Simply make calls to the Ollama Farm REST API as if it were an ollama REST API and the rest is handled for you.
Install dotnet 8 or later from https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download and then install Ollama Farm with the following command:
You should relaunch Terminal/cmd/PowerShell so that the system path will be reloaded and the ollamafarm command can be found. If you've previously installed the dotnet runtime, this won't be necessary.
You can update to the latest version using the command below.
You can remove the tool from your system using the command below.
Ollama Farm is a system-level command line interface application (CLI). After installing you can access Ollama Farm at any time.
To get help on the available commands, just run ollamafarm in Terminal, cmd, or PowerShell. This will launch the application in help mode which displays the commands and options.
For example, you can launch Ollama Farm with one or more host addresses to include in the farm:
In this example, Ollama Farm will listen on port 4444 for requests to /api/generate. The requests are standard Ollama API REST requests: HTTP POST with a JSON payload. Requests will get sent to the first available host in the farm.
You can also change the default Ollama Farm listening port of 4444:
And if you run any ollama hosts on a port other than 11434, just specify the port in the host names using colon syntax:
Requests made to the Ollama Farm service will be routed to one of the available Ollama API hosts in the farm. Requests should be sent to this service (default port 4444) following the standard Ollama JSON request format (HTTP POST to /api/generate/). Streaming is supported.
Hosts are checked periodically and are taken offline when they are unavailable. They are also brought back online when they become available.
To optimize performance Ollama Farm restricts each host to processing one request at a time. When all hosts are busy REST calls return status code 429 (too many requests). This allows requesters to poll until a resource is available.
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Sfumato is a lean, modern, utility-based CSS framework generation CLI tool. It is compatible with the Tailwind CSS class naming structure and has the following additional features:
Visit the repository to see how you can install this tool to begin using it right away.
Create one simple sfumato.yml file (manually or using the Sfumato "init" command) for your web-based app or website project and run the Sfumato CLI "watch" command. It will watch your project files as you work, keeping track of your markup changes, and will transpile your SCSS files into custom, tiny CSS files based only on the Sfumato features you use.
Use the following command for more information on Sfumato commands and options:
1. Install Microsoft .NET
Sfumato requires that you already have the .NET 9.0 runtime installed, which you can get at https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download.
2. Install Sfumato
Run the following command in your command line interface (e.g. cmd, PowerShell, Terminal, bash, etc.):
Later you can update Sfumato with the following command:
If you need to completely uninstall Sfumato, use the command below:
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SqlPkg is a 64-bit .NET command line (CLI) wrapper for the Microsoft SqlPackage CLI tool with the goal of making common backup and restore operations easier and more powerful. It does this through new Backup and Restore actions that provide additional features like the exclusion of specific table data in backups and destination prep prior to restore.
Visit the repository to see how you can install this tool to begin using it right away.
/Action:Backup
This mode is equivalent to Action:Export to create a .bacpac file, with the following differences.
/Action:Restore
This mode is equivalent to Action:Import to restore a .bacpac file, with the following differences.
/Action:Backup-All
This mode will back up all user databases on a server.
/Action:Restore-All
This mode will restore all *.bacpac files in a given path to databases with the same names as the filenames.
When not using SqlPkg special action modes, the entire argument list is simply piped to SqlPackage and will run normally. So you can use sqlpkg everywhere SqlPackage is used.
1. Install Microsoft .NET
SqlPkg requires that you already have the .NET 8.0 runtime installed, which you can get at https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download.
Because SqlPkg uses Microsoft SqlPackage, you will also need to install the .NET 6.0 runtime as well as SqlPackage.
2. Install SqlPkg
Run the following command in your command line interface (e.g. cmd, PowerShell, Terminal, bash, etc.):
Later you can update SqlPkg with the following command:
If you need to completely uninstall SqlPkg, use the command below:
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The Fdeploy project is a command line interface (CLI) application that can use simple YAML config files in your ASP.NET web projects to define deployment to one or more remote environments over SMB, like over a VPN connection using a network file share.
It can be configured to clean and purge the project, build, and publish, and even add files and folders to the published output prior to deployment.It can then deploy with various rules like "path ignore", "always update path", "clean orphaned files and folders", and more. You can even define content that can be deployed without taking the web app offline. And when it does, it uses an app offline file that you can also customize in the YAML settings.
Fdeploy also has robust retry support. When files are in-use on the remote server it will retry one or more times and wait a specified number of seconds between attempts.
Visit the repository to see how you can install this tool to begin using it right away.
1. Install Microsoft .NET
Fdeploy requires that you already have the .NET 8.0 runtime installed, which you can get at https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download.
2. Install Fdeploy
Run the following command in your command line interface (e.g. cmd, PowerShell, Terminal, bash, etc.):
Later you can update Fdeploy with the following command:
If you need to completely uninstall Fdeploy, use the command below:
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The NameCheap project builds a command line interface (CLI) application that can add and remove text records using the NameCheap API.
It was originally built to allow for creating wildcard TLS certificates using win-acme (Let's Encrypt) on an IIS server. Creating wildcard certificates with win-acme requires DNS host validation. This application can be used with the win-acme script feature to allow it to communicate with the NameCheap API and create/delete TXT records that will validate domain ownership.
This tool does not support the complete NameCheap API. But it does handle the challenging task of adding and removing text records. Why is this challenging? The NameCheap API does not have functions to add or remove individual records, so the entire set of records must be downloaded, modified, and sent back.
Download the project and publish it from the root project folder as below.
In the publish folder, edit the appsettings.json file and supply your own values.
Once the appsettings.json file is modified, put the contents of the publish folder on your server and you should be able to use the executable with win-acme or any other tool by calling it with a fully qualified path.
The command line is in the format below:
Some examples include:
So in win-acme you would set your create script arguments to this:
Likewise, your delete script arguments would be:
The tool can be used on Linux or macOS as well. If the published executable doesn't run on macOS you may need to manually sign the published application using something like this:
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The Benford project provides a framework for using Benford's Law to determine if a given random data set has been modified.
Benford’s Law, also known as the Law of First Digits, the Phenomenon of Significant Digits, or the Law of Anomalous Numbers is the finding that the first digits (or numerals to be exact) of the numbers found in series of records of the most varied sources do not display a uniform distribution, but rather are arranged in such a way that the digit “1” is the most frequent, followed by “2”, “3”, and so in a successively decreasing manner down to “9”. The expected distributions can be seen in the screenshots below.
Essentially, when looking at a significantly large set of numbers, this law can tell you if the distributions of first digits follows Benford's Law. Deviations of significance should indicate data tampering. This can be applied in all kinds of use cases, from social likes and follower counts, to regional vote counts, financial information, and more.
This project has some sample images and voting data that you can use to see how Benford's Law applies to them.
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The DataStore project is a high performance JSON object store (ORM) for SQL Server.
DataStore uses and automatically creates and manages a pre-defined SQL Server data structure that can coexist with existing database objects. All database operations are performed with the DataStore helper class.
Your models are stored in the database as JSON text so you can have most any kind of object structure, provided your models inherit from DsObject.
Instantiating DataStore with settings is non-destructive. Any existing DataStore tables are left untouched. Methods to delete all or unused schema objects are provided for those edge cases.
Instantiate DataStore with a settings object and database schema will be created for all classes that inherit from DsObject. The following attributes can be used in your classes:
You can create a DataStore instance anywhere in your code:
You can also use DataStore as a singleton service:
Creating and saving a DataStore object is simple:
The saved object is updated with any changes, like lineage and depth information, creation or last update date, etc. And you can provide a list of objects to save them all in one call.
Querying the database for objects is simple too. In any read calls you can specify a DsQuery object with a fluent-style pattern for building your query. In the query you can specify property names as strings with dot notation:
Or you can use the model structure to specify names, and make code refactoring easier:
If you need to access object properties without knowing the object type, DsObject exposes JSON features that allow you to access property values using standard JSON path syntax:
Remember: these JSON features are read-only. If you change a property value in the DsObject you will need to call Serialize() again to update the JSON representation.
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